For me, I had to do BOTH of these workarounds:
MBAE -> Settings -> Advanced Settings -> OS Bypass Protection -> CALL ROP gadget protection (32/64) -> uncheck for Chrome -> Apply
MBAE -> Settings -> Advanced Settings -> Advanced Memory Protection -> Malicious return address detection -> uncheck for Chrome -> Apply
I have both Chrome and Trusteer Rappport. If I do the workarounds, Chrome works OK.
If I shutdown Trusteer first, Chrome opens OK.
Don't know what's causing the conflict, but it's definitely MBAE/Trusteer combo that interferes with Chrome opening.